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the Black KKt pawn to his third, and initiates an immediate assault on the King's stronghold.
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8 | #R | | #B | #Q | | #R | #K | |
|---------------------------------------|
7 | #P | #P | #P | #Kt| #P | #P | #B | #P |
|---------------------------------------|
6 | | | | #P | | #Kt| #P | |
|---------------------------------------|
5 | | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
4 | | | | ^P | | ^B | | |
|---------------------------------------|
3 | | | | ^B | ^P | ^Kt| | |
|---------------------------------------|
2 | ^P | ^P | ^P | ^Kt| | ^P | ^P | ^P |
|---------------------------------------|
1 | ^R | | | ^Q | ^K | | | ^R |
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A B C D E F G H
Diag. 94
CHAPTER VI. THE MIDDLE GAME 95
Chess Strategy
1. P-KR4, R-K1; 2. P-R5. This forces open the Rook's file. If the pawn were still at Kt2, Black would simply
let White push on to R6 and then reply with P-KKt3. 2. ... KtxP; 3. RxKt, White concludes the game in brilliant
style. Black's wrong development has given a welcome opportunity for sacrificial combinations. Now the KB has
an open diagonal, the pawn position is broken, and White's Q and R have no difficulty in using the Rook's file for
a deadly attack. 3. ... PxR; 4. BxPch, KxB; 5. Kt-Kt5ch, K-Kt3 (if K-Kt1, then 6. QxP, Kt-B3; 7. QxPch,
K-R1; 8. Castles, etc.); 6. QKt-B3, P-K4; 7. Kt-R4ch, K-B3; 8. Kt-R7ch, K-K2; 9. Kt-B5ch, K- K3; 10.
KtxBch, K-K2; 11. Kt-B5ch, K-K3; 12. P-Q5ch, KxKt; 13. QxPch, K-K5; 14. Castles, followed by P-B3 or
R-Q4 mate.
In cases where both sides have already castled on the same wing, and the opponent has weakened his position
by pushing on one of the pawns of that wing, it is seldom advisable to start an attack with the advance of one of
the pawns in front of the King, as the latter's position would be weakened. An attack of this kind is only justified
if there is a prospect of concentrating with all speed a superior force before the opponent has time for a counter
attack.
The Black position in Diagram 95 illustrates one much favoured by "natural" players. Here the advance of the
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8 | #R | | | #Q | | #R | #K | |
|---------------------------------------|
7 | #P | #B | #P | #P | #Kt| #P | #B | #P |
|---------------------------------------|
6 | | #P | #Kt| | #P | | #P | |
|---------------------------------------|
5 | | | | | ^P | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
4 | | | | ^P | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
3 | | | ^Kt| ^B | ^B | ^Kt| | |
|---------------------------------------|
2 | ^P | ^P | ^P | | | ^P | ^P | ^P |
|---------------------------------------|
1 | ^R | | | ^Q | | ^R | ^K | |
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A B C D E F G H
Diag. 95
KRP would not be a suitable plan of attack for White as his Rook is no longer on the Rook's file, nor could it
be brought back in time. In this case White must endeavour to take advantage of the weaknesses at Black's KB3
and KR3, produced by his move P-KKt3. This will be the modus operandi: Q-Q2 followed by B-R6, forcing the
exchange of Black's valuable KB. After that the Q in conjunction with one of the Knights will attempt to force an
entry at KB6 or KR6, as for instance in the following, the moves of which are taken from a game I once watched
and took note of as being most instructive.
1. Q-Q2, P-Q3; 2. B-KR6, PxP; 3. BxB, KxB; 4. PxP, Q-Q2; 5. Kt- K4, Kt-Q4; 6. B-B4, QR-Q1; 7.
BxKt, PxB; 8. Kt-B6, Q-K3; 9. Q- Kt5, B-B1 (to prevent Kt-Kt4); 10. QR-K1, Q-B4; 11. Q-R4, P-KR3; 12.
Kt-Q4, KtxKt; 13. QxKt, P-B4; 14. Q-Q2, P-Q5; 15. P-KB4, P- B5; 16. P-KKt4, Q-K3; 17. P-B5, Q-B3; 18.
R-K4, B-Kt2; 19. R-B3!, Q-B4; 20. QxPch, KxQ; 21. R-R3ch, followed by R-R7 or Kt-R7 mate.
A somewhat more difficult case is shown in Diagram 96.
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8 | #R | #Kt| | | #Kt| #R | #K | |
|---------------------------------------|
7 | | #B | #Q | | | #P | | #P |
|---------------------------------------|
6 | #P | | | #P | | #B | #P | |
CHAPTER VI. THE MIDDLE GAME 96
Chess Strategy
|---------------------------------------|
5 | | #P | #P | ^P | #P | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
4 | | | | | ^P | | ^P | |
|---------------------------------------|
3 | | | ^P | | ^B | ^Kt| | ^P |
|---------------------------------------|
2 | ^P | ^P | ^B | | | ^P | | |
|---------------------------------------|
1 | ^R | | | ^Q | ^R | ^Kt| ^K | |
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A B C D E F G H
Diag. 96
Here the advance of the White King's side pawns has undeniably produced weaknesses in the pawn skeleton,
and these would be fatal had the Black pieces as much mobility as the White ones. But the congestion of Black's
pieces on the Queen's side makes his defence unwieldy, and White has no difficulty in accumulating his forces on
the King's side for the final assault. The prospects are that White will be able to bring home his attack, before
Black has a chance of forcing exchanges and of bringing about the end-game, which through the weakness of the
White pawns would probably turn to his advantage. The play (E. Cohn-Ed. Lasker match, Berlin, 1909) is
instructive, and shows how the attack should be conducted in such positions. 1. Kt-Kt3, B-Kt2; 2. K-R2, P-B3;
3. R-KKt1, Kt-Q2; 4. Kt-R4, K-B2. The concentration of the White pieces has become alarming, and threatens
to be continued by Q-Q2, R-Kt2. QR-KKt1, and Kt-B5. So the Black King decides on flight, but he finds no
peace on the Q side either, because there his advanced pawns soon allow White to make a breach in the Black
position.
5. Kt-Kt2, K-K2; 6. Q-K2, Kt-Kt3; 7. KR-KB1, B-B1. It is Black's intention to play P-B4 as soon as
practicable, and to make an attempt at a counter demonstration on the King's side, 8. P-K B4, K-Q1? (Black
should have kept to his original intention and played P-B4); 9. PxP, QPxP; 10. Q-B2, Kt-Q2; 11. P-QR4;
B-Kt2; 12. PxP, PxP; 13. RxR, BxR. Now White has achieved what he set out to do. He has opened up avenues
of attack on the Queen's side, and is ready to utilise the weakness of Black's QBP by playing P-Kt4, on which
Black must submit to opening the file for the White KR or the diagonal for the White QB. In either case White
brings vastly superior forces to bear on the Black King's position, and Black should lose. In this game Black
escaped only through a mistake on the part of his opponent.
In the foregoing positions it was seen how fatal weaknesses can be, which are produced by the premature
advance of the pawns in front of the King, on whom the opposing pieces can force their attack. When the pawns
concerned are on the opposite wing to their King, the disadvantages of a premature advance are felt in a different
way. The weakness concerns the pawns themselves and not the forces behind them, and is apt to cause the loss of
the end-game, particularly of Rook end-games. Let us compare the positions in Diagrams 97
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8 | #R | | #B | #Q | | #R | #K | |
|---------------------------------------|
7 | #P | #P | #P | |#Kt | #P | | #P |
|---------------------------------------|
6 | | | | #P | | #P | | |
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